Henry VIII came to the throne in 1509 and the new king recognised Wolsey’s intelligence and his skills and made him his almoner, a position which gave him a place on the King’s Privy Council. Nanfan died in 1507, leaving Wolsey as the executor of his estate, and it was then that Wolsey began working for the King, Henry VII, as his royal chaplain and the secretary of Richard Foxe, a man who was Lord Privy Seal and the Bishop of Exeter, Bath and Wells, Durham and Winchester. In 1502, he became the chaplain of Henry Deane, the Archbishop of Canterbury, and after Deane’s death in 1503 he joined the household of Sir Richard Nanfan. On 10th March 1498 Wolsey was ordained and it was not long before he became Dean of Divinity at Magdalen College. Wolsey was educated at Ipswich School, Magdalen College School and then Magdalen College (Oxford University), where he studied theology. Thomas Wolsey was born around 1471 in Ipswich, Suffolk, and was the son of Robert Wolsey, a man once thought to have been a butcher but who is now thought to have been a cloth merchant who was killed at the Battle of Bosworth. It is impossible to write an article on Cardinal Wolsey’s life – he deserves a book! – but here is a brief rundown:- Wolsey’s Rise He was laid to rest within the walls of the abbey and was not given the grand marble black sarcophagus that he had had designed for himself, instead, that sarcophagus houses the body of Horatio Viscount Nelson in the vault under the dome of St Paul’s Cathedral. He was on his way from Yorkshire to London with his chaplain, Edmund Bonner (the future Bishop of London), to answer charges of high treason when he was taken ill and died. He was also abbot of St Albans and successively bishop of Bath and Wells (1518–23) Durham (1523–9), and Winchester (1529–30).On this day in history, 29th November 1530, Cardinal Thomas Wolsey died at Leicester Abbey (the Abbey of St Mary de Pratis) in his late 50s. In 1518 he became a papal legate (high representative), confirmed for life in 1524. The same year, Henry made him lord chancellor of England. Pope Leo X created him Cardinal Saint-Cecilia-beyond-Tiber in 1515. Wolsey was made Bishop of Tournai in 1513, Bishop of Lincoln and then Archbishop of York in 1514. He became quarter-master general of war against France in 1512–3. Responsibilities: He was made the royal almoner (responsible for charitable giving) and royal counsellor in 1509. Most famously, however, he could not secure from Pope Clement VII the annulment of Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon. He also oversaw the running of the church in England, countered Lutheran heresy and introduced monastic and educational reforms. Wolsey oversaw Parliament and the Court of Chancery, introduced legal changes and exercised crown authority over nobles and commoners alike. He organised three major peace treaties which improved Henry’s strategic position when war did not succeed. Wolsey had a brilliant mastery of foreign policy, as well as the legal and ecclesiastical administration of England under King Henry VIII. Known for: Being England’s greatest medieval cardinal. Born: 1470–1 (but 1472–3 is also possible) in Ipswichĭied: 29 November 1530 at Leicester Abbey
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